Abstract
In this paper, we present a new measure of concentration that employs duality theory and a study on the evolution of banking concentration in the Brazilian banking system. We present evidence suggesting that this new measure of concentration is more informative than the usual Hirschman-Herfindahl Index (HHI), which is commonly employed in concentration studies. Finally, we study the relation between the banking structure (level of concentration) and price using a panel data model, macroeconomic and risk variables being controlled. There is no evidence that banking concentration leads to uncompetitive practices.
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