Abstract
Bangladesh Sundarbans: Present Status of the Environment and Biota
Highlights
Sundarbans is the current spelling of “Sunderbunds” by Walter Hamilton of the East India Gazetteer, meaning the “Forests of the Soondry”
Studies, using Landsat satellite data over 40 years of the total Sundarbans from the 1970s to 2000s, revealed that during this period the forestlands increased by 1.4%, but from the 1990s to 2000s, the area decreased by 2.5% and the net loss was 1.1%; i.e., equivalent to 110 km2 [4]
The review of the Bangladesh Sundarbans is aimed at understanding the causes of degradation of the environment and the biota, and developing a possible method towards its reclamation as a healthy forestland environment and the growth of Heritiera fomes, a mangrove species truly representative of this forest type
Summary
Sundarbans is the current spelling of “Sunderbunds” by Walter Hamilton of the East India Gazetteer, meaning the “Forests of the Soondry” ( spelled “Sundri” meaning beautiful). The scientific name is Heritiera fomes, a dominant species of the Bangladesh part of the Sundarbans Mangrove Forests (BSMF) [1]. The reduced sediment-laden freshwater flow since the operation of Farakka Barrage in 1975, about 17 km from the Bangladesh border in India (Figure 1A), results in increased salinity in the BSMF, subsequently reducing the number of plants to about half in over 20 years [14]. The review of the Bangladesh Sundarbans is aimed at understanding the causes of degradation of the environment and the biota, and developing a possible method towards its reclamation as a healthy forestland environment and the growth of Heritiera fomes (sundri), a mangrove species truly representative of this forest type
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