Bandwidth and Gain Enhancement of Circular MPA Using Twin-Layer Stacked Antenna

Abstract

A microstrip patch antenna (MPA) has been nowadays employed in various types of applications. Apart from the various advantages that it has, MPA predominantly has two disadvantages; narrow bandwidth and low gain. As the patch's shape decides the type of the MPA, one such antenna is a circular microstrip patch antenna, having a circular-shaped patch. In this paper, a novel approach has been put forth in enhancing the gain and bandwidth of a circular antenna, simultaneously. This has been achieved using a novel antenna, i.e., “twin-layer stack antenna.” This antenna has been made by deploying another layer of the substrate, having a dielectric value of 1.5, over the patch. Hence, with the help of another stacked layer of the substrate, we have endeavored to enhance the gain and bandwidth of the conventional circular MPA. Both the antennas have been designed to operate at a frequency of 7.6 GHz, which comes under the C-band of the electromagnetic spectrum. This particular band is generally used for wireless radio bands, WLAN, and Wi-Fi applications. Using the co-axial feeding technique and HFSS software, the results have been drawn. After simulation and further calculations, the bandwidth for circular MPA comes out to be 230 MHz, while for twin-layer stacked antenna, it is found out to be 240 MHz, i.e., an enhancement of 10 MHz. While the gain of the twin-stacked circular antenna comes out to be 2.6587 dB, whereas 0.9372 dB of gain for the circular MPA has been achieved, that means an enhancement of 1.7215 dB.