Band ligation in grade-I and grade-II internal haemorrhoids: a prospective observational study

Abstract

Background: Haemorrhoids are one of the most common benign anorectal problems worldwide with high prevalence. There are various modalities of treatment for grade I and II hemorrhoids like: medical management, instrumental techniques viz rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, infrared photocoagulation, cryotherapy, doppler guided haemorrhoid artery ligation, laser therapy etc. Rubber band ligation resolves haemorrhoids without need of hospitalization /anesthesia and with lower incidence of complication and is too economic. Hence study was conducted to evaluate efficacy of rubber band ligation in grade I and II internal haemorrhoids. Methods: The present study was conducted with 60 patients of grade-I and grade-II. Band ligation was done on outpatient basis in minor operation theatre with no anesthesia, multiple banding was done in single session. Post procedure follow up was done on 10th day, 1st month and 6th month for symptomatic improvement. Results: In our study maximum no of patients were in a age group of 36 to 45 years. Of them 45 (75%) were males and 15 (25%) were females. 80% of the cases assessed treatment as excellent and 20% with some residual symptoms assessed the treatment as of moderate help. Conclusions: Rubber band ligation for internal hemorrhoids is an effective modality of treatment in 10 and 2° hemorrhoid which is convenient, simple, cost efficient has high patient acceptance with limitations as post procedure discomfort and pain.