Abstract
Background: Musa acuminata (Musaceae) is a perennial tree-like plant that is grown in many tropical and subtropical areas throughout the globe. Bananas, which may be consumed as a fruit or a vegetable, is one of the most significant crops in many nations owing to their nutrient-dense diet and diverse therapeutic properties. Introduction: Apigenin glycosides, myricetin glycoside, myricetin-3-O-rutinoside, delphinidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, malvidin, naringenin glycosides, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, dopamine, N-acetyl serotonin, rutin, polyphenols, flavonoids, total dietary fiber, insoluble dietary fiber, lignin, hemicellulose, cellulose, lipids, proteins, and minerals are found in bananas. Objective: The primary goal of this research is to confirm and emphasize the therapeutic and nutritional value of M. acuminata. Methods: Fever, cough, bronchitis, dysentery, allergy infections, sexually transmitted infections, and certain non-communicable illnesses have all been linked to M. acuminata, according to a literature review. Result: M. acuminata has been reported to have anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, immunomodulatory, hypolipidemic, anti-cancer, and anti-microbial properties. Pharmacological studies back up the medicinal plant's traditional significance and suggest that indigenous peoples used M. acuminata to cure and heal a variety of illnesses and ailments. Individual bioactive constituent(s) from different sections of this plant, on the other hand, need to be studied further to validate various pharmacological claims and to investigate the potential of M. acuminata in drug development and usage in functional foods. Conclusion: A thorough examination of M. acuminata's biological activity is provided, as well as potential processes and phytochemicals involved, in order to develop effective disease prevention and management methods.
Highlights
Apigenin glycosides, myricetin glycoside, myricetin-3-O-rutinoside, delphinidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, malvidin, naringenin glycosides, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, dopamine, N-acetyl serotonin, rutin, polyphenols, flavonoids, total dietary fiber, insoluble dietary fiber, lignin, hemicellulose, cellulose, lipids, proteins, and minerals are found in bananas
The proximate analysis of M. acuminata fruits reveals that its contents can contribute to the recommended daily requirements of Vitamin C and minerals such as potassium and magnesium, and it can be used as an ingredient in functional foods
The rich diversity of phytochemicals present in M. acuminata plant parts may be responsible for health beneficial effects and justify their use against various diseases in traditional medicine
Summary
Botanicals have been very important for medicine and health throughout evolution. Plant extracts, infusions, and powders have been used traditionally for years to treat a variety of illnesses, according to ethnobotanical literature. Several portions of the Musa plants have been used orally or topically as treatments, and some investigations have confirmed this medicinal potential It has a wide range of pharmacological properties, with studies indicating that phenolic chemicals found in M. acuminata play a major role in this characteristic. In America, Asia, Oceania, India, and Africa, all parts of the plant, including the roots, stem, pseudostems, leaves, fruits, and flowers, have long been utilized in local and traditional medicine. M. acuminata has a broad range of distribution, and Malaysia is thought to be the main source of M. acuminata Later, it migrated to India and Burma, where the native M. balbisiana species thrives. Different varieties of Musa have been found to contain bioactive substances such as apigenin-7-glucoside, myricetin-3-O-galactoside, myricetin-3-O-rutinoside, naringenin-7-Oglucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, dopamine, N-acetyl serotonin, and rutin (Figure 3) [6]
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