Bambusa vulgaris leaves reverse mitochondria dysfunction in diabetic rats through modulation of mitochondria biogenic genes.

Abstract

There is evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by hyperglycemia increases the incidence of diabetes and age-related insulin resistance. Thus, maintaining mitochondrial integrity may provide alternative therapeutic approach in diabetes treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Bambusa vulgaris leaf extract on mitochondrial biogenesis in the pancreas of diabetic rats. 11weeks old male rats (n=30) were purchased, and sorted into the following groups: control, diabetic control, diabetes+metformin (100mg/kg), diabetes+Aq. B.vulgaris (100mg/kg), diabetes+Aq. B.vulgaris (200mg/kg), and diabetes+Aq. B.vulgaris (300mg/kg). Diabetes was induced in the rats by a single dose of 65mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). The mRNA expression of genes related to mitochondria biogenesis (pgc-1α, Nrf2, GSK3β, AMPK and SIRT2) and genes of Nrf2-Keap1-ARE signaling pathway were determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Molecular docking studies including lock and key docking and prime MM-GBSA were incorporated to identify the lead chemical compounds in Bambusa vulgari. The results showed that B.vulgaris leaf extract promotes mitochondrial biogenesis via altering the mRNA expression of mitochondrial master regulator pgc-1α, otherupstream genes, and the Nrf2-Keap1-ARE antioxidant pathway. Through molecular docking results, cryptochlorogenic acid, hesperidin, orientin, vitexin, scopolin, and neochlorogenic were found as the crucial chemicals in B.vulgaris with the most modulating effect on PGC-1α, AMPK, and GSK3. This study thus suggests that B.vulgaris leaf extract restores the integrity of mitochondria in diabetic rats.