Abstract
Dietary fiber has been shown to prevent high-fat diet induced obesity through modulating the gut microbiota; however, quality difference in fiber type is largely unknown. We performed a 6 week study on C57BL/6J mice fed a macronutrient matched high-fat diet with different fiber types including cellulose (HFC), bamboo shoot fiber (HFBS) and several other commonly consumed fibers. Our results showed that the HFBS group exhibited the lowest weight gain among all diet groups and had improved lipid profiles and glycemic control compared with the HFC group. As revealed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, loss of diversity in the gut microbiota induced by the HFC diet was largely prevented by the HFBS diet. Moreover, compared with the HFC diet, the HFBS diet resulted in markedly increased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and strong inhibition of Verrucomicrobia, two divisions strongly correlated with body weight. In conclusion, the present study provides evidence of a quality difference among different types of dietary fibers and shows that bamboo shoot fiber is the most effective in suppressing high-fat diet induced obesity. Our findings indicate that bamboo shoot fiber is a potential prebiotic fiber which modulates the gut microbiota and improves host metabolism.
Highlights
Highlighted the mechanism of prebiotic effects of insoluble dietary fiber to explain the benefits for obesity related disorders
We observed that dietary fiber isolated from bamboo shoot Dendrocalamus hamiltonii exhibited extraordinary water and oil binding capacities as well as cholesterol and bile acid binding capacities (China patent No 2015108901176), suggesting that bamboo shoot fiber may have a great impact on host metabolism and the gut microbiota
The reason that different ratios were chosen is because dietary fiber provided by mixed diets which consists of twothirds to three quarters insoluble fiber is recommended for maintaining health[30]
Summary
Highlighted the mechanism of prebiotic effects of insoluble dietary fiber to explain the benefits for obesity related disorders. Inulin was reported to reduce body weight and improve metabolic disorders when added to a high-fat diet[25]. In the present study, we investigated in C57BL/6J mice whether high-fat diets with the same amounts of microcrystal cellulose and bamboo shoot fiber differentially affect body weight, glycemic control, lipid metabolism, as well as gut microbiota. Our goal is to compare the quality difference among several dietary fibers and identify one fiber or a fiber mix of insoluble and soluble fiber which is the most effective in suppressing high-fat diet induced obesity and obesity related metabolic disorders in mice and to assess whether the possible benefits are associated with changes in the gut microbiota
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