Bamboo forest expansion increases soil organic carbon through its effect on soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community and abundance

Abstract

Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) is a fast-growing species that can invade neighboring forests through its vigorous rhizome system, leading to large shifts of plant diversity and soil properties. A primary concern is the response of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) communities and related soil C sequestration to bamboo forest expansion. We used a long-term soil chronosequence from primary broadleaved forest to moso bamboo forest to examine the changes in AMF abundance and communities, as well as their role in soil C storage. AMF communities showed strong niche differentiation, and were highly structured by forest type (r 2 = 0.648, P = 0.001), and marginally correlated to soil pH and organic C. Bamboo forest expansion increased soil AMF biomass as indicated by neutral lipid fatty acids (NLFA) 16:1ω5 abundance, easily extracted glomalin-related soil protein (EE-GRSP), and water-stable macroaggregates. We observed that soil AMF biomass contributed substantially to both soil macroaggregates and EE-GRSP, which were tightly correlated with soil organic C. The influence of bamboo forest expansion on soil C sequestration was mainly due to its indirect effect on AMF biomass. Bamboo forest expansion significantly changed soil AMF communities and increased AMF biomass, which in turn contributed to enhanced soil aggregation and C storage.