Ballooning without Compaction Left Ventricular aneurysms in Noncompaction Cardiomyopathy

Abstract

Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) is a congenital cardiomyopathy that occurs as a result of disruption in the early stages of cardiac development. It can occur in isolation, or in conjunction with other rare congenital disorders such as a congenital left ventricular aneurysm. In the presence of LVNC, left ventircular aneurysms are thought to occur due to lack of capillary formation. Overall, there are very limited cases documenting both together. Both conditions can result in arrhythmias, thromboembolic disease, ventricular dysfunction and sudden cardiac death. Diagnosis can be made with echocardiography, although cardiac magnestic resoncnance imaging has become increasingly used for diagnosis. Treatment involves treating heart failure symptoms, arrhythmias and implantation of cardioverter-defibrillators when appropriate. Despite the few case reports on the presence of both conditions occuring simulatenously, recommedenations on treatment, including the use of therapeutic anticoagulation in this patient population needs to be looked into further.