Abstract
The Chinese scientific balloon project was started in 1979 by the Academia Sinica which has now established a permanent balloon facility. It consists of 1500 m 2 launching site complete with telecontrol and PCM and FM telemetry, and meteorological and communications equipment. A series of 5×10 2 to 5×10 4 m 3 zero-pressure natural shape balloons produced in China have served for scientific observations with a maximum payload weight of 250 kg and with flight durations up to 18 hrs. The balloon envelope is made of LDPE (MI = 0.3) with 18.6 thickness and 1.4 m width. For astronomical observations an attitude system is available. The “binding-off” technique using a parachute has increased the landing accuracy of the gondola. In almost any case the gondola can be recovered within 12 hrs. Successful scientific observations using this balloon facility included: • - Observations of the primary cosmic ray nuclei and cross-section measurements of high energy heavy nuclei interactions. • - Measurement of the vertical distribution of aerosols in the atmosphere. • - Hard X-ray astronomy observations. • - Remote sensing in the infra-red band at balloon altitudes. • - Observations of solar far infra-red radiation.
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