Balanço nitrogenado e adequação proteica de pacientes de um complexo de terapia intensiva

Abstract

Introduction: Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) may present depletion of lean mass, being common or increasing the incidence of malnutrition in children with prolonged hospitalizations. Maintaining lean mass becomes one of the primary goals of nutritional therapy for critically ill patients and through protein application rates that can be achieved as the needs of each individual used. The nitrogen balance (BN) is used to obtain or calculate between a dietary nitrogen intake and the total nitrogen quantities, helping to estimate an adequate nutritional number for each patient. The present study aimed to determine BN in patients with enteral nutritional therapy. Methods: Prospective analytical study that was developed during the months of December 2018 to June 2019, in the Intensive Care Complex (ICU) of a public hospital located in the city of Joinville, state of Santa Catarina. Patients between 16 and 99 years old in full supply of enteral nutritional therapy (NET), without renal dysfunction were analysed. Results: The final sample was 22 patients, 64% male, with a mean age of 58.4 years. The major cause of hospitalization was cardiorespiratory arrest in 18.18% patients. Regarding the nutritional needs used, there are 31.4 kilocalories and 1.7 grams of protein based on the ideal weight. According to the BN calculations, 64% of the studied patients had BN between -0.03 to 5.35 g/day, with an average of -1.7 g / day. Conclusions: The study showed a high frequency of negative BN in a heterogeneous sample of patients with CTI infection in a public hospital in Joinville / SC. It does more studies needed to evaluate the amount of proteins administered to critically ill patients.