Balanced gene expression: network of genes in legumes

Abstract

Handful of theories explained modes of gene fixation and drift by contradicting one after the other hypothesis. Detailed analyses of these hypothetical or established theories illustrate that, all these theories holds good at one or the other circumstances existing in a living cell and whole organism as well, at a functional balance of gene expression. This theory explains that, the earlier reported neutral theories based on selection acquiesce as it tries to conquer an expression balance of genes. The meagre existence of a deleterious gene is being even- handed by suppression of negative gene expression into a functional protein. At an exacting time there is a planned balance attained by the individual cell to survive; otherwise abscission, apoptosis or necrosis occurs, leading to death of a cell or organ or the organism. This balance could be of ions or cytosolic pH or the impact of total proteins imparting cellular quiescence. Mutations at active domains impede cellular processes by blocking a network of genes and finally protein pool of any functional cell. Balancing pH of any cell at a time is a final outcome of its acidic or alkaline components being regulated by gene expression at a particular time. Whether to make the cell survive or to initiate cell death is decided by pH flux, either to protect the adjacent cells from spreading pathogen invasion or any other physiological stress. Variations in such traits are obtained through evolutionary phenomenon which is an underlying, powerful, fundamental and important concept of life. Speculations in genomics and proteomics ponder upon network of functional proteins encoding genes in manifesting phenotype of an intact organism through proteome. Though it is counterintuitive, many tried a direct way of creating a mutant that has acquired changes or deletions in theirnucleotidesequences or knockouts to find its missing functions during its absence. To establish the fact that alterations in a single gene cannot be stable and it needs to balance another set of genes the present investigation was carried out.