Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a common malignant tumor with a high incidence and mortality rate. The prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer is considerably poor due to the lack of effective treatment in clinically. Despite numerous studies have revealed that baicalein, a natural product, is responsible for suppressing multiple cancer cells proliferation, motility and invasion. The mechanism by which baicalein restraining pancreatic cancer progression remains unclear. In this study, we firstly verified that baicalein plays a critical role in inhibiting pancreatic tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Then we analyzed the alteration of microRNAs (miRNAs) expression levels in Panc-1 cells incubated with DMSO, 50 and 100 μM baicalein by High-Throughput sequencing. Intriguingly, we observed that 20 and 39 miRNAs were accordingly up- and down-regulated through comparing Panc-1 cells exposed to 100 μM baicalein with the control group. Quantitative PCR analysis confirmed that miR-139-3p was the most up-regulated miRNA after baicalein treatment, while miR-196b-5p was the most down-regulated miRNA. Further studies showed that miR-139-3p induced, miR-196b-5p inhibited the apoptosis of Panc-1 cells via targeting NOB1 and ING5 respectively. In conclusion, we demonstrated that baicalein is a potent inhibitor against pancreatic cancer by modulating the expression of miR-139-3p or miR-196b-5p.
Highlights
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant cancers with relatively high incidence and mortality [1]
Transwell results showed that there was a significant difference in the number of migrated cells between the Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) group and 100 mM baicalein group, which suggested baicalein was able to inhibit the invasion of Panc-1
Baicalein purified from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is an active flavonoid ingredient, which was reported participating in inhibiting the progression of various cancers [13,14,15,16,17,18,19]
Summary
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant cancers with relatively high incidence and mortality [1]. According to the statistical data of GLOBOCAN 2012, there were about 300,000 pancreatic cancer patients in this single year, and almost the same number of deaths caused by this disease worldwide because of its high degree of malignant transformation and the difficulties in early diagnosis [2]. Pancreatic cancer mainly includes two types, exocrine cancer (such as Baicalein-Induced Pancreatic Cancer MicroRNAs Alteration adenocarcinoma) and neuroendocrine cancer. The former type accounts for the majority of cases and has always been emphasized in clinical and basic investigation [3]. In order to better treat pancreatic cancer, high curative-effect and low side-effect targeting drugs are urgent to be exploited as soon as possible
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