Bag-in-the-lens intraocular lens implantation before 12 weeks of age in congenital cataract.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the intra- and postoperative complications, especially the risk of visual axis opacification (VAO), following the implantation of the bag-in-the-lens (BIL) intraocular lens (IOL) in infants with congenital cataract operated on before 12 weeks of age. Infants operated on before 12 weeks of age between June 2020 and June 2021 with a follow-up longer than 1year were included in the present retrospective study. This was a first-experience cohort of an experienced paediatric cataract surgeon with this type of lens. Nine infants (13 eyes) with a median age at surgery of 28 days (range, 21-49 days) were included. The median follow-up time was 21.6months (range, 12.2-23.4months). The lens was correctly implanted with the anterior and posterior capsulorhexis edges placed into the interhaptic groove of the BIL IOL in seven of 13 eyes; none of these eyes developed VAO. In the remaining six eyes, the IOL was only fixated to the anterior capsulorhexis edge, and in these cases, an anatomical anomaly of the posterior capsule and/or anterior vitreolenticular interface dysgenesis were observed. These six eyes developed VAO. One eye had a partial iris capture in the early postoperative phase. Otherwise, the IOL remained well centred and stable in all eyes. Anterior vitrectomy was necessary in seven eyes due to vitreous prolapse. One patient with unilateral cataract was diagnosed with bilateral primary congenital glaucoma at 4months of age. Implantation of the BIL IOL is safe even in the youngest age group less than 12 weeks of age. Although being a first-experience cohort, the BIL technique is shown to reduce the risk of VAO and the number of surgical procedures.