Abstract
본고의 목적은 백제 첫 수도인 위례성의 위치 추정이다. 이를 위해 지금까지 가장 강력한 영향력을 미치는 정약용과 안정복의 위례성설을 비판적으로 검토했다. 그 결과 백제 첫 도읍지는 한강 북쪽 지역보다 직산이 합당하다는 결론을 내렸다. 정약용은 백제 시조 온조왕이 올라간 부아악을 서울의 삼각산으로 추 정하여 한강 북쪽 지역을 백제 첫 도읍지로 추정했다. 반면 안정복은 마한이 동북 100여리 땅을 주었다는 기록을 근거로 직산으로 보았다. 삼국사기 온조왕 기록은 백제가 말갈・낙랑과 전쟁하면서 영토를 확 장되는 과정을 보여주고 있다. 백제는 확장된 영토를 잘 관리하기 위하 여 처음 도읍한 직산에서 온조 13년 북쪽으로 확장된 영토의 중심지인 한강 남쪽 광주로 천도하였던 것이다.The purpose of this paper is to estimate the location of Wirye Castle, the first capital of Baekje. To this end, Jeong Yak-yong and Ahn Jung-bok, who have the strongest influence so far, were critically reviewed. As a result, it was concluded that the first capital of Baekje was more reasonable in Jiksan(稷山) than in the northern part of the Hangang River(漢江). Jeong Yak-yong estimated the northern part of the Hangang River as the first capital of Baekje by estimating Buaak(負兒嶽), where King Onjo of Baekje went up, as Samgaksan Mountain in Seoul. On the other hand, Ahn Jung-bok was regarded as Jiksan based on the record that Mahan gave about 100ri of land in northeast. The records of King Onjo of Samguk Sagi show how Baekje expanded its territory as it fought Malgal and Nakrang. In order to manage the expanded territory well, Baekje moved capital from Jiksan to Gwangju, south of the Han River, the center of the expanded territory in the 13th year of King Onjo.
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