Abstract
Genetic factors play an important role in etiopathogenesis of glaucoma. Rapid progress of genetics enabled us to recognize the causative genes in monogenic forms of glaucoma (especially congenital glaucoma) and predisposing genes in multifactorial forms of glaucoma (especially primary open angle glaucoma). Molecular investigations that are currently performed in patients with glaucoma involve CYP1B1, LTBP2 and TEK genes in primary congenital glaucoma, PITX2 and FOXC1 genes in anterior segment dysgenesis, and MYOC and OPTN genes in primary open angle glaucoma. These investigations are important not only for diagnostic, but also for prognostic and therapeutic reasons.
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