Abstract
Neonatal sepsis is the second leading cause of mortality with an annual toll of more than one million deaths of the newborn. The incidence and subsequent risk factors in the clinical management of newborn sepsis is a continuing major global public health concern. Although variety of sepsis screening methods available, blood culture and sensitivity is considered as the most promising test for diagnosis of neonatal septicemia because, the type of microorganisms associated and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern vary significantly. A retrospective analysis of blood cultures was carried out in the department of microbiology, SVS medical college, Mahabubnagar, Telangana for the period of June 2017 to October 2019. Blood cultures (in BacT/Alert, biomerieux) were incubated and growth was identified as per the standard protocols. Antibiotic sensitivity testing of the isolates was performed in VITEK 2-compact (biomerieux). From a total of 210 positive samples, the incidence of Gram negative bacilli predominates (65.2%) the Gram positive cocci (34.8%). Klebsiella species (94 out of 137) and coagulase negative Staphylococci (61 out of 73) are the most predominant bacteria isolated from neonatal sepsis. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolates varies significantly. However, most widely used carbapenems and cephalosporins demonstrated only marginal efficacy towards enteric GNB. Surveillance for emerging MDR pathogens is essential to monitor changing epidemiological trends to guide optimum empirical therapy.
Highlights
Neonatal sepsis is the second leading cause of mortality with an annual toll of more than one million deaths of the newborn
1 India has the highest incidence of clinical sepsis (17000/100,000 live births) compared to the global scenario (2202/100,000 live births) with case fatality ranging from 25% to 65%. 2,3 Though, it is classified as early onset and late onset type with diverse etiology, the incidence and subsequent risk factors in the clinical management of newborn sepsis is a continuing major global public health concern
In spite of known limitations, blood culture and sensitivity is still considered as the most promising test for diagnosis of neonatal septicemia because of the guidance it provides on antimicrobial sensitivity
Summary
Neonatal sepsis is the second leading cause of mortality with an annual toll of more than one million deaths of the newborn. Variety of sepsis screening methods available, blood culture and sensitivity is considered as the most promising test for diagnosis of neonatal septicemia because, the type of microorganisms associated and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern vary significantly. 2,3 Though, it is classified as early onset and late onset type with diverse etiology, the incidence and subsequent risk factors in the clinical management of newborn sepsis is a continuing major global public health concern. The present study aims at highlighting the predominant organisms causing neonatal sepsis in a tertiary care hospital and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern is very essential to select optimum empirical treatment
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