Bacteriological Profile of Health Care Associated Infection and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Isolates at Picu in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Background: Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality inPediatric intensive care units (PICUs). The aim was to determine bacteriological profile of HAI and toestablish an antibiogram of isolates in our PICU.Materials and Method: This was a retrospective study conducted at the Department of Pediatrics (PediatricIntensive Care Unit) of AIIMS, Jodhpur. Data was collected over 2 years from January 2017 to December2018. Among the114 culture positive isolates, 50% (57/114) were gram negative and 22.8% (26/114) weregram positive organisms. Culture positivity for fungal growth was 14 % (17/114) and rest 12.2% (14/114)were contaminants. The most common isolate in gram negative organism was Acinetobacter baumannii andin gram positive organism most common isolates were Enterococcus. Most commonly detected HAI typeswere ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) - 34% (20/59). All gram negative organisms were resistant tocarbepenems except Pseudomonas (100% sensitivity). Among gram positive organisms, methicillin resistantstaphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 100% sensitive to gentamicin, amikacin, vancomycin and linezolid.Conclusion: The retrospective study showed that both gram positive and negative bacteria as well as fungalorganisms are responsible for HAIs. Most of the strains were multi drug resistant.