BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND ITS SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN IN PATIENTS OF VENTILATIOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIAADMITTED IN MEDICAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT(MICU), PMCH, PATNA

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is dened as pneumonia that occurs more than 48hrs following endotracheal intubation and initiation of mechanical ventilation. VAP remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity among ICU's patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD A total of 100 samples were collected from patients admitted in medical ICU in PMCH, Patna. Patients should have sign and symptoms suggestive of VAP. Culture, identication, and antibiotic sensitivity of organism was done. OBSERVATION AND RESULT The microbiological results revealed that gram negative bacilli were the most common bacterial agents responsible for VAP and accounted for 88% of all the causative agents. The most common isolated organisms were Acinetobacter baumannii (36%) followed by pseudomonas aeruginosa (24%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (18%), klebsiella oxytoca (8%), E. coli (4%). Staph. aureus (10%). 70% of the isolated VAP pathogen were multidrug resistant. CONCLUSIONS VAP is increasingly associated with MDR pathogens. Production of ESBL, AmpC beta lactamases and metallo beta lactamases were responsible for the multidrug resistance of these pathogens. Increasing prevalence of MDR pathogens in patients with late onset VAPindicate that appropriate broad-spectrum antibiotics should be used to treat them. It is useful in implementing simple and effective preventive measures including precaution during emergency intubation, minimizing the occurrence of reintubation, and judicious use of antibiotics.