Abstract
The bacterial population and diversity in soil around a cement plant were assessed at two different sites. Site A (test site) was covered with cement dust, while site B (control site) was free of cement dust. Four soil samples were collected from the surface and below the surface at both sites and their bacterial density and diversity quantified. The bacteriological assessment were carried out using standard methods of analyses. The highest bacterial count of 209.33 x 104 was observed in surface soil sample in site B, while the least count of 66.00 x 104 was observed in soil sample obtained below the surface at site A. A total of 12 bacterial isolates were characterized which include; Micrococcus species, Kleibsella oxytoca, Clustridium species, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter species, Cryseobacterium meningosepticum, Pseudomonas species, Klebsiella ornithinolytica, Pantoea, Acinobacter baumanii, and Serratia liquefaciens. Seven species were Gram- negative bacterial isolates there are; Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter species, Pseudomonas species, Klebsiella ornithinolytica, Pantoea species, Serratia liquefaciens, while five species were Gram-positive bacteria isolates, which includes; Micrococcus species, Klebsiella oxytoca, Clustridium species, Cryseobacterium meningosepticum, Acinobacter baumanii. These results showed that cement dust can reduce the abundance and diversity of soil bacteria. Therefore, there is a need to put in place appropriate pollution prevention and control strategies in the cement plant.
Highlights
The word soil is used to denote the outer loose materials of the earth surface, it is formed as a result of rock weathering
Soil is rich in organic matter and so it provides an excellent media for the growth of many organisms including bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, algae and protozoa
It was observed that the highest type of bacterial from polluted soil was Pseudomonas species, Acinobacter baumanii, Klebsiella oxytoca, with percentage occurrence of 18.18% respectively, while the least were Clustridium species, Micrococcus species, Citrobacters pecies, Klebsiella ornithinolytica and Pantoea species, with lowest percentage occurrence of 9.09% respectively
Summary
The word soil is used to denote the outer loose materials of the earth surface, it is formed as a result of rock weathering. Soil is rich in organic matter and so it provides an excellent media for the growth of many organisms including bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, algae and protozoa. Soil is composed of five major components: mineral matter, water, air, organic matter and living organisms. The quantity of these constituents is not the same in all soils, it varies from locality to locality. The soil is full of microorganisms, but their abundance and diversity can be reduced by inorganic matter content. This is because inorganic matter influences nutrient availability, aeration, and water retention [1]
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