Abstract
The activated sludge respiration inhibition test and the luminescent bacteria test with Vibrio fischeri are important bacterial test systems for evaluation of the toxicity of chemical compounds. These test systems were further optimized to result in better handling, reliability and sensitivity. Concerning the Vibrio fischeri test, media components such as yeast extract and bivalent cation concentrations like Ca2+ and Mg2+ were optimized. The cultivation, storage conditions and reactivation process of the stored bacteria were also improved, which enabled simpler handling and led to good reproducibility. Additionally, the respiration inhibition test with a prolonged incubation time was further analyzed using different chlorinated phenols as reference compounds. It could be stated that a longer incubation period significantly improved the sensitivity of the test system.
Highlights
The assessment of toxicity in water by simple, reliable and rapid test systems has been a crucial issue for environmental safety and protection
The luminescent bacteria test using Vibrio fischeri, which is designated as Aliivibrio fischeri, is a widely accepted bacterial toxicity test and has been normalized by the ISO (International Organisation for Standardization) [11]
Modification of the Luminescent Bacteria Test determination cellNumbers numbers in different cultures was performed by the formazine method
Summary
The assessment of toxicity in water by simple, reliable and rapid test systems has been a crucial issue for environmental safety and protection. Due to their high sensitivity for toxicants, various bioassays based on bacteria, protozoa and algae are suitable for rapid analyses. Pure cultures of algae have been serving as reliable test organisms for bioassays [18,19]. All these tests aim at the determination of the toxicity data of pure chemicals and chemical mixtures in an aqueous environment. It is predominantly used to determine the toxicity of wastewaters, aqueous eluates and leachates from waste deposits [20,21]
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