Abstract
Succinoglycan is a type of bacterial anionic exopolysaccharide produced from Rhizobium, Agrobacterium, and other soil bacteria. The exact structure of succinoglycan depends in part on the type of bacterial strain, and the final production yield also depends on the medium composition, culture conditions, and genotype of each strain. Various bacterial polysaccharides, such as cellulose, xanthan, gellan, and pullulan, that can be mass-produced for biotechnology are being actively studied. However, in the case of succinoglycan, a bacterial polysaccharide, relatively few reports on production strains or chemical and structural characteristics have been published. Physical properties of succinoglycan, a non-Newtonian and shear thinning fluid, have been reported according to the ratio of substituents (pyruvyl, succinyl, acetyl group), molecular weight (Mw), and measurement conditions (concentration, temperature, pH, metal ion, etc.). Due to its unique rheological properties, succinoglycan has been mainly used as a thickener and emulsifier in the cosmetic and food industries. However, in recent reports, succinoglycan and its derivatives have been used as functional biomaterials, e.g., in stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems, therapeutics, and cell culture scaffolds. This suggests a new and expanded application of succinoglycan as promising biomaterials in biomedical fields, such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and pharmaceuticals using drug delivery.
Highlights
Polysaccharides are naturally abundant substances that can be extracted from sources such as plants, animals, microorganisms, etc. [1]
The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum of succinoglycan extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) was compared with other polysaccharides, such as xanthan, guar gum, and alginate, which have already been reported because their components are composed of mannuronic acid, guluronic acid, galactose, and mannose
Scale-up studies on various polysaccharides are in progress based on the identification of the biosynthetic process of microbial EPS and optimization of culture conditions, and there are successful commercialization cases through large-scale production
Summary
Polysaccharides are naturally abundant substances that can be extracted from sources such as plants, animals, microorganisms, etc. [1]. In the rhizosphere, polysaccharides have been reported to be involved in cell signaling reactions between plants and microorganisms, such as plant root nodulation for nitrogen fixation as well as biofilm formation [16,17,18] As well as these inherent roles of bacterial EPS, the different structural and functional properties of EPS that can be produced from each bacterial strain have great potential as biomaterials in the fields of food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, chemical, and biomedical industries [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26].
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