Abstract
Bacterial resistance patterns in nosocomial and community pathogens and antibiotic usage patterns in a tertiary care university hospital were followed between 1979 and 1991. Changes in bacterial resistance patterns were commonly associated with current antibiotic prescription practices. Aminoglycoside resistance was associated with intensive aminoglycoside use, the introduction of the third generation cephalosporin was associated with the appearance of resistance due to newer β-lactamases and the use of the newer quinolones in the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections was associated with quinolone resistance. Bacterial resistance patterns differed between a tertiary care university hospital, a secondary care university hospital and the local community. Systematic surveillance of antibacterial resistance coupled with medical education will allow a more rational use of antibiotics and help control increases in bacterial resistance.
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