Bacterial pattern of hemodialysis central catheter associated infections in end stage renal disease patients in north eastern Egypt

Abstract

Background: Hemodialysis-catheter associated infections are a crucial problem for hemodialysis patients in the inpatient and outpatient venues. So, our aim was to identify bacterial pattern of hemodialysis central catheter associated infection (HD-CAI) and also study the risk factors in developing HD-CAI.Patients and methods: The study done as a cross sectional descriptive study that was conducted on 62 patients who admitted and followed in the Clinical Nephrology unit, Suez Canal University Hospital, Ismailia, Egypt. From each patient with evidence of Catheter Related Infections (CRI), three specimens (swabs, catheter tips and blood cultures) were aseptically collected and processed in the Microbiology Department. Isolated colonies from catheter tip culture and blood culture were identified by colony morphology, Gram staining and biochemical tests. The antibiotic Susceptibility Testing was performed using disc diffusion method outlined by Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute depending on the isolated organism.Results: The prevalence of HD-CAI was 14.5%. It was found that 88.9% of the study participants who developed HD-CAI did not use skin antiseptics. Also the gram positive bacteria represented 88.9% of the isolated organisms, comprised mainly of S.epidermidis) representing 55.6%, followed by S .aureus in 33.3%. While, gram negative bacteria were recovered from 11.1% of the isolated organisms. All isolates of S. epidermidis and S. aureus were sensitive to Amoxicillin (100%) & Linezolid (100%), while S. epidermidis showed resistance to Cefoxitin (80%). Conclusion: The frequency of HD-CAI was 14.5% with significant relationship between usage of skin antiseptics and decreasing the chance of developing HD-CAI.