Abstract
Bacterial infections are an important cause of mortality and morbidity in newborns. The main risk factors include low birth weight and prematurity. The study identified the most common bacterial pathogens causing neonatal infections including their resistance to antibiotics in the Neonatal Department of the University Hospital Olomouc. Additionally, the cut-off for distinguishing early- from late-onset neonatal infections was assessed. The results of this study show that a cut-off value of 72 h after birth is more suitable. Only in case of early-onset infections arising within 72 h of birth, initial antibiotic therapy based on gentamicin with ampicillin or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid may be recommended. It has been established that with the 72-h cut-off, late-onset infections caused by bacteria more resistant to antibiotics may be detected more frequently, a finding that is absolutely crucial for antibiotic treatment strategy.
Highlights
And Late Neonatal Infection.Neonatal infections may be defined as infectious diseases occurring in newborns within 4 weeks after birth
Information is available about increasing resistance of Escherichia coli to antibiotics including aminopenicillins combined with inhibitors of bacterial beta-lactamases and potential failure of antibiotic therapy [8,9,10,11]
The results clearly show that the therapeutic approach to neonatal infections must be based on their character including classification as early-/late-onset
Summary
Neonatal infections may be defined as infectious diseases occurring in newborns within 4 weeks after birth. They may be classified as early-onset or late-onset, with the cut-off for distinguishing early- from late-onset infections ranging between 72 h and 7 days. Ampicillin or amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, combined with gentamicin are recommended [2,6,7]. Information is available about increasing resistance of Escherichia coli to antibiotics including aminopenicillins combined with inhibitors of bacterial beta-lactamases (ampicillin/sulbactam and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid) and potential failure of antibiotic therapy [8,9,10,11]. The risk factors for the development of early-onset infections include vaginal colonization with GBS, prelabor rupture of membranes, prematurity, multiple abortions, maternal malnutrition, and congenital abnormalities [12,13,14]
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