Abstract
Of 52 culture positive urine samples from dogs in Grenada for six years (2004 through 2009) 65.5% of isolates were Gram-negative bacteria, with E. coli as the predominant species, followed by Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Other Gram-negative isolates included Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter anitratus, and Serratia plymuthica. Among the Gram-positive isolates, Staphylococcus intermedius was the most common species, followed by S. aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, and enterococci. Sensitivity results obtained with 6 antibiotics showed least resistance to enrofloxacin, the rate being 19% for all isolates together. More than two-thirds of isolates were resistant to tetracycline. For Gram-positive isolates, resistance to cephalothin was even less than that against enrofloxacin, with a rate of only 13%. Overall resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was 36%. The most common drug used for treatment of urinary tract infections in Grenada has been amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, followed by enrofloxacin.
Highlights
Bacterial urinary tract infections are the most common cause of urinary tract disease in dogs
All 52 culture positive samples, except for 3, had pure growth of a single bacterial species in high numbers indicative of urinary tract infection, and E. coli was the most common isolate. These findings are in agreement with the general observation that more than 70% of UTIs in dogs are caused by a single bacterial species, the predominant isolate being E. coli [8]
UTI is more common in females [9] [10], which is in agreement with our findings
Summary
Bacterial urinary tract infections are the most common cause of urinary tract disease in dogs. 14% of all dogs will acquire bacterial urinary tract infection (UTI) during their lifetimes [1]. (2016) Bacterial Isolates from Urinary Tract Infection in Dogs in Grenada, and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility. Suggested drugs for treatment of UTI include amoxicillin-clavulanate, trimethoprim-sulfa, cepahlexin, fluoroquinolones, tetracycline, and ampicillin. Alternative drugs include gentamicin and chloramphenicol [3] [4]. Fluoroquinolones such as enrofloxacin are effective in treating UTI due to the high drug concentrations achievable within the urinary tract. In a study in the U.S, over 80% of urinary tract isolates were found to be susceptible to enrofloxacin [5]
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