Abstract
Bacterial exopolysaccharides are a complex group of polymers containing a variety of monosaccharides and acyl and other substituents. They are essentially linear strands, many of which possess side-chains of one or more monosaccharides attached at regular interval to the chain. Almost all such exopolysaccharides are probably formed from repeating units of 2–6 monosaccharide residues, which are assembled from glycosyl donors on to a polyisoprenoid phosphate carrier by membrane-bound enzymes. After polymerization, the molecules are extruded from the cell surface to form either a slime unattached in any way to the cell or a discrete capsule that has an attachment mechanism UR yet undetermined, binding it to the outer layer of cell wall. Furthermore, one group of bacterial exopolymccherides, the bacterial alginates, is exceptional in that its components, and consequently its properties, can be modified by extracellular enzymes after its excretion into the medium.
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