Abstract
Healthy longevity is associated with many factors, however, the potential correlation between longevity and microbiota remains elusive. To address this, we explored environmental microbiota from one of the world’s longevity townships in China. We used 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing to analyze the composition and function of water microbiota. The composition and diversity of water microbiota significantly differed between the towns. Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, and Stenotrophomonas were only dominant in Xinpu, a town with an exceptionally high centenarian population. Several biomarkers were identified, including Flavobacterium, Acinetobacter, Paracoccus, Lactobacillales, Psychrobacter, Bacteroides, Ruminococcaceae, and Faecalibacterium, and these shown to be responsible for the significant differences between towns. The main species contributing to the differences between towns were Cyanobacteria, Cupriavidus and Ralstonia. Based on KEGG pathways showed that the predicted metabolic characteristics of the water microbiota in Xinpu towns were significantly different to those of the other towns. The results revealed significant differences in the composition and diversity of water microbiota in the longevity township. These findings provide a foundation for further research on the role of water microbiota in healthy longevity.
Highlights
Increasing human health and longevity is of global interest
We speculate that the reason for the longevity of centenarians may be related to their natural environment
There is a positive correlation with the abundance of probiotics in the water environment
Summary
Increasing human health and longevity is of global interest. Centenarians are considered a symbol of health and longevity [1,2]. Many studies have focused on centenarians to identify the factors influencing health and longevity [3,4,5]. The mechanism of longevity is complex and there are many controversial debates, researchers have basically reached the consensus that longevity is comprehensively affected by genetics [6,7,8], lifestyle [9], environment [10,11], health care level [12], psychological factors [13,14], and other factors [15,16,17]. The research has focused on searching for molecular and biological factors that promote healthy aging and longevity. Considerable attention has been paid to analyzing the role of genetic factors in determining healthy aging and longevity
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