Abstract
SummaryThe bacterioplankton diversity in large rivers has thus far been under‐sampled despite the importance of streams and rivers as components of continental landscapes. Here, we present a comprehensive dataset detailing the bacterioplankton diversity along the midstream of the Danube River and its tributaries. Using 16S rRNA‐gene amplicon sequencing, our analysis revealed that bacterial richness and evenness gradually declined downriver in both the free‐living and particle‐associated bacterial communities. These shifts were also supported by beta diversity analysis, where the effects of tributaries were negligible in regards to the overall variation. In addition, the river was largely dominated by bacteria that are commonly observed in freshwaters. Dominated by the acI lineage, the freshwater SAR11 (LD12) and the P olynucleobacter group, typical freshwater taxa increased in proportion downriver and were accompanied by a decrease in soil and groundwater‐affiliated bacteria. Based on views of the meta‐community and River Continuum Concept, we interpret the observed taxonomic patterns and accompanying changes in alpha and beta diversity with the intention of laying the foundation for a unified concept for river bacterioplankton diversity.
Highlights
Streams and rivers link terrestrial and lentic systems with their marine counterparts and provide numerous essential ecosystem services
Dominated by the acI lineage, the freshwater SAR11 (LD12) and the Polynucleobacter group, typical freshwater taxa increased in proportion downriver and were accompanied by a decrease in soil and groundwateraffiliated bacteria
We propose that the bacterioplankton communities in the midstream of such a large river develop gradually and increasingly independent from tributary and riparian influence as a result of the interplay between dispersal-facilitated (‘mass effects’) and environmental condition-based sorting (‘species sorting’; Leibold et al, 2004; Crump et al, 2007; 2012)
Summary
The bacterioplankton diversity in large rivers has far been under-sampled despite the importance of streams and rivers as components of continental landscapes. Using 16S rRNA-gene amplicon sequencing, our analysis revealed that bacterial richness and evenness gradually declined downriver in both the freeliving and particle-associated bacterial communities. These shifts were supported by beta diversity analysis, where the effects of tributaries were negligible in regards to the overall variation. The river was largely dominated by bacteria that. Based on views of the metacommunity and River Continuum Concept, we interpret the observed taxonomic patterns and accompanying changes in alpha and beta diversity with the intention of laying the foundation for a unified concept for river bacterioplankton diversity
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