Abstract
A rate model has been given for the bacterial die-off in waste stabilization ponds. Die-off rate has been expressed as the sum of die-off rate in the dark and the die-off due to light. The proposed rate model has been calibrated and verified by using the results of beaker experiments and coliform removal data found in the literature for the pilot and full-scale waste stabilization ponds. Solutions of the rate equation are presented for both vertically mixed and vertically stagnant ponds. The significant effect of the pond depth on the bacterial removal rates is shown and illustrated.
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