Bacterial communities of three plant species from Pb-Zn contaminated sites and plant-growth promotional benefits of endophytic Microbacterium sp. (strain BXGe71).

Abstract

The endophytic bacterial community of two hyperaccumulators (Arabis alpine, Dysphania ambrosioides) and Veronica ciliate was investigated by Illumina sequencing technology. In addition, the culturable endophytic bacteria (EB) were isolated and their plant-growth promotion capabilities were studied. A dataset consisting of 221,075 filtered high-quality and classifiable unique 16S rDNA gene tags, and an average of 36,846 tags with a mean length of 464-bp for each sample was generated. In total, 10801 different operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected, belonging to 18 bacterial phyla, 41 classes, 91 orders, 135 families, and 215 genera. Pseudomonas was the most dominant genus in both shoots and roots of the two hyperaccumulators, making up 81.56% and 81.13%, 41.60% and 77.06% of the total number of OTUs, respectively. However, both Chao 1 and Shannon indices of EB of the two hyperaccumulators were significantly lower than those of V. ciliate (P <. 05), except the Shannon index of D. ambrosioides shoots. The endophytic bacterial community of roots and shoots of A. alpine showed greater similarity with that of D. ambrosioides roots (12 km away), and clustered to one group in dendrogram, in clear contrast to that of V. ciliate, which grew closer to A. alpine (60 m away). Combining results of soil and plant analyses, we suggest that the soil properties, especially heavy metal concentration, may influence the plants endophytic bacterial community composition. Pot experiments showed that the strain BXGe71 (Microbacterium sp.) from A. alpine significantly enhanced host plants' growth under multi-heavy metal (HM) stress (P < .05, t-test).