Bacterial causes of community-acquired and nosocomial urinary tract infection in type 2 diabetes: A comparative approach

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the most common infectious diseases diagnosed both in community and in hospital. Due to increased prevalence of disease and rising antibiotic resistance among uropathogens, it is important to have local community- and hospital-based knowledge of the organisms causing UTI in T2D and their sensitivity pattern to choose correct treatment regimen. Methodology: Samples were collected from both Outpatient Department (OPD) and Inpatient Department (IPD) of endocrinology, KIMS. The study was selected to compare the prevalence among the bacterial isolates from community-acquired UTI (CUTI) and nosocomial UTI (NUTI) in T2D individuals and compare the antibiogram pattern. Results: Of the total 92 culture-positive samples, 40 were CUTI and 52 were NUTI. Culture positivity was directly proportional to the presence of increased number of pus cell and glycaemic status. The most commonly isolated bacterium was Escherichia coli both in OPD and IPD followed by Enterococcus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus species except the Citrobacter spp. and Candida spp. which were isolated from ward patients. Conclusion: There was no significant difference of resistance pattern between CUTI and NUTI. Inappropriate use of antibiotics results in increase of antibiotic resistance, and hence, proper care should be taken regarding infection treatment guidelines promoting rational antibiotic prescribing in hyperglycaemic UTI cases.