Abstract
The theoretical study for quantitative evaluation of material quality by the backscatter of an ultrasonic Gaussian beam has been made. The density and location of flaws, such as microcracks and porosities can be estimated by the change of electrical power due to the backscatter. The power change is theoretically formulated based on the dynamic reciprocal theorem. Some kinematical postulations are used for simplicity to neglect the multiple scattering effect among the flaws; the characteristic dimension of a contained flaw is very small comparing to the incident wave length, and the flaw distribution is sparse. Numerical calculations of the analytical backscattering power have been carried out. The power is approximately proportional to the flaw density. Thus, the ultrasonic backscatter measurement can be made viable to estimate the flaw density.
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