Backscatter imaging applied to IED detection

Abstract

Current land mine detection methods predominately rely on the use of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and metal detectors to scan the ground for disturbances in electromagnetic waves that would indicate a higher concentration of metal. For soldiers, these tools combined with trained observational skills, makes the rapid clearance of mine fields more of an art; one that has become a necessity with the presence of Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs). Some of these detection methods are taught and trained to every soldier, as the principles behind IED detection are similar no matter the IED construction. Specifically, all IEDs require the use of wires in some way. This research has expanded the use of Compton backscattering detection methods and pencil beam imaging, proven to be slow but accurate. Investigation of fan beam geometries for backscatter imaging is ongoing. The goal is to allow for a rapid scan of potential pressure plates, focused on detecting the signature of a wire in a mock IED, with efforts to improve imaging properties to aid soldiers. This has the potential to increase the accuracy of current interrogation and detection methods. This research has demonstrated some success over current interrogation methods, with the potential to allow military units to interrogate suspected IEDs through nonphysical means with greater image resolution than GPR. Ultimately, this could allow for the ability to clear suspected enemy obstacles faster, with greater accuracy, and providing more security to the soldiers on the ground.