Abstract
We model backscatter for electric fields propagating through optical micro-ring resonators, as occurring both in-ring and in-coupler. These provide useful tools for modelling transmission and in-ring fields in these optical devices. We then discuss spontaneous four-wave mixing and use the models to obtain heralding efficiencies and rates. We observe a trade-off between these, which becomes more extreme as the rings become more strongly backscattered.
Highlights
We need sources of controlled numbers of discrete photons to create photonic circuits for quantum computing
Two established ways we can generate photons are using near-deterministic single-photon emitters and spontaneous generation using parametric nonlinearities
Assuming the wavelengths for signal and idler obey both this resonance matching, and the four-wave mixing conditions from pump frequency, we can assume that this maximum is constant, if we neglect effects of spectral correlation [14]
Summary
We need sources of controlled numbers of discrete photons to create photonic circuits for quantum computing. Four-wave mixing occurs in a variety of devices, but is most conveniently produced in integrated circuits by micro-ring resonators (MRRs) These allow higher generation rates, due to resonant field enhancement [6,7,8,9,10,11]. Their transmission displays Lorentzian-shaped resonant peaks, reaching a minimum when the ring circumference is an integer multiple of the wavelength [12]. We investigate how this loss mechanism will limit performance in ring-resonator sources While some, such as Li et al, have considered the effects of backscatter [15], there is not yet a full analytic model for its effects on field propagation through a ring.
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