Abstract
Spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has been treated as a weather independent system for a long time. However, with the development of advanced SAR configurations, e.g., high resolution, bistatic, geosynchronous (GEO), the influence of tropospheric propagation error, which strongly depends on the weather, has begun to receive attention. In this paper, we focus on the effect of deterministic background tropospheric delay (BTD) during the image formation of GEO SAR. First, the decorrelation problems caused by the spatial variation and BTD are presented. Second, by combining with the SAR imaging geometry, the BTD error is decomposed as constant error, spatially variant error, and time variant error, the influences of which are analyzed under different circumstances. Third, an imaging method starting from the meteorological parameters and the GEO SAR systematic parameters is proposed to deal with the decorrelation problems. Finally, simulations with the dot-matrix targets are performed to validate the imaging method.
Highlights
With the great advantages in day and night and weather independent observation, spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has been widely used in Earth remote sensing since the first civilian SAR satellite “Seasat” was launched by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in 1978
We focus on the background tropospheric delay (BTD) in geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar (GEO SAR) image formation, which relies on the meteorological parameters
We discuss and model the decorrelation problems introduced by SAR geometry and BTD error
Summary
With the great advantages in day and night and weather independent observation, spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has been widely used in Earth remote sensing since the first civilian SAR satellite “Seasat” was launched by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in 1978. As the need arises for high resolution, long dwell time observation, the advanced SAR configurations, e.g., high squint, spotlight, staring spotlight, bistatic, and geosynchronous (GEO), are proposed, and several excellent systems are already being operated. Spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has been treated as a weather independent system for a long time. With the development of advanced SAR configurations, e.g., high resolution, bistatic, geosynchronous (GEO), the influence of tropospheric propagation error, which strongly depends on the weather, has begun to receive attention. Simulations with the dot-matrix targets are performed to validate the imaging method
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