Background of the Origin of the Theory of Natural Law and the Trends of its Development

Abstract

The human mind has always sought to find such a "divine standard" to build social life on it. The search for the "divine principle" of the normative regulation of public life led to the formation of the concept of natural law, which, in fact, was designed to ensure a balance between the "divine will" and the normative regulation of public life. The purpose of this article is to show the trends in the development of approaches to the issue of natural law that have existed in the scientific literature in different historical periods, by means of conditionally grouping them into ancient, medieval, new, latest, modern, to find the key idea under the influence of which the theory of natural law arose and developed and to identify the major reasons for the emergence of the idea of natural law and to determine what impact it has had on the modern stage of human history. The article uses the method of historical comparison. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that at present, in the sense of the word usage, jus naturale, the natural law theory of human rights, has given way in professional literature to a new fundamental legal field -the theory of human rights.