Background bilinearization by the use of generalized standard addition method on two-dimensional data

Abstract

The capability of the standard addition method to correct the matrix effects and the advantage of two-dimensional bilinear analytical data were utilized in a hybrid method combining the generalized standard addition method (GSAM) and constrained background bilinearization. The proposed method can effectively compensate for both matrix effects and the influence of unexpected interferents in multivariate calibration. First, GSAM was extended to two-dimensional bilinear data. In the process of standard additions, the background is fixed and the standard responses of the sought-for components in actual samples could be thus acquired even with the existence of unexpected interferents in the sample. The quantification of the sought-for analytes was then completed by use of background bilinearization. In the optimization process of background bilinearization, a global optimization technique, generalized simulated annealing (GSA), was adopted to guarantee the global minimum. The characteristic performance of the proposed method was tested by a series of simulations and experimental fluorescence excitation-emission data with organic dye mixtures.