Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) is significantly affected by plant-parasitic nematodes. The spiral nematode (Helicotylenchus dihystera) is considered a potential parasite for Brazilian soybean. This study investigated the efficiency of microorganism-based products against H. dihystera in soybean and possible mechanisms involved in the control. Products based on Bacillus and Trichoderma were compared to a chemical nematicide (abamectin). By in vitro tests, all products killed H. dihystera. Production of toxic compounds was tested by using cell-free culture filtrate or by volatile emission. Filtrates of Trichoderma and Bacillus killed more than 85% of H. dihystera. The volatile emitted by Bacillus-based products also killed the nematodes. All products increased soybean growth and controlled H. dihystera in pots with infested soil, where B. amyloliquefaciens-based products stood out. The field experiment confirmed the efficiency of abamectin and Bacillus against H. dihystera. Therefore, the microorganism-based products produced compounds toxic to H. dihystera and benefited soybean under infested soil.
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