Abstract
Probiotics have always been considered as a supplementary therapy for many diseases especially gut disorders. The absorption and barrier function of the gut play a vital role in the maintenance of body homeostasis. This study was to investigate the protective effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 (Ba) on H2O2-induced oxidative stress on intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-1) based on the level of gene expression. We demonstrated that Ba was a safe probiotic strain in the first place. Results showed that treatment with H2O2 significantly increased the mRNA expression of absorptive transporters glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), Ala/Ser/Cys/Thr transporter 1 (ASCT1), and ASCT2 compared with the control group. Meanwhile, oxidative stress induced a significant improvement in the mRNA expression of occludin (OCLN) and caspase-3, and remarkably inhibited the expression of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) or B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), respectively. Pretreatment with Ba dramatically reversed the disturbance induced by oxidative stress on the mRNA expression of ASCT1, ASCT2, and OCLN, which also significantly prevented H2O2-inhibited LAT1 and Bcl-2 mRNA expression. However, Ba failed to exert any significant protective effect on GLUT2 and caspase-3 mRNA expression. We concluded that pretreatment with Ba could alleviate the damage caused by oxidative stress to a certain extent and conferred a protective effect to the intestine.
Highlights
Animal intestine contains a series of complex commensal and antagonistic bacteria to maintain a balanced environment
No significance was detected about glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 (Ba) pretreatment group compared to H2O2 group, but H2O2-induced increase in Ala/Ser/Cys/Thr transporter 1 (ASCT1) and ASCT2 expression was significantly suppressed by Ba treatment (P < 0.05)
PepT-1 is primarily expressed in the brush-border membranes of the small intestine with the aim of transporting and absorbing di/ tripeptides from diet [22]; in addition, neutral amino acid transporters L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1), ASCT1, and ASCT2 and acid transporter excitatory amino acid carrier 1 (EAAC1) extensively exist in the small intestine
Summary
Animal intestine contains a series of complex commensal and antagonistic bacteria to maintain a balanced environment. Intestinal epithelia have digestive, absorptive, and defense-barrier functions. The gastrointestinal tract can secrete different kinds of enzymes to decompose foods into micronutrients which could be further assimilated by epithelial cells. Absorption means transporting substrates, including carbohydrates, amino acids or peptides, and fatty acids. These substrates are absorbed into cells by transporters from the intestinal lumen across the brush-border membrane, and enter the blood or lymphatic system subsequently. Intestinal sugar transporters like glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) and Probiotics & Antimicro. (2020) 12:649–656 which can bring about celiac disease such as ulcerative colitis [5] Prot. (2020) 12:649–656 which can bring about celiac disease such as ulcerative colitis [5]
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