Abstract
Introdução: O Baby-led weaning (BLW) é uma abordagem alternativa para a introdução alimentar aos lactentes que tem se tornado popular. Objetivo: Investigar as evidências científicas a respeito do método BLW e sua versão modificada Baby-Led Introduction to Solids (BLISS). Métodos: A pesquisa de artigos foi realizada entre junho de 2018 e junho de 2019, por meio da base de dados US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed) utilizando as seguintes palavras-chaves: ‘BLW’, ‘Baby-led weaning’, ‘BLISS’, e ‘Baby-Led Introduction to Solids’. Foram incluídos todos os artigos originais encontrados no idioma inglês, publicados entre 2011 e 2019. Resultado: Vinte e cinco estudos foram incluídos na análise. As pesquisas sobre BLW/BLISS focaram principalmente nos temas: características, comportamentos e atitudes de mães e crianças, conhecimento de mães e profissionais de saúde sobre os métodos de introdução alimentar, avaliação de peso e de índice de massa corporal, avaliação da ingestão energética e de nutrientes e avaliação de episódios de engasgo e reflexo de gag das crianças. Conclusão: A maioria das pesquisas aborda experiências relacionadas ao BLW/BLISS e ainda existem poucas evidências sobre o método em termos de adequação de ingestão de energia e nutrientes e de crescimento na infância. Pontos positivos para a criança podem ser observados como aleitamento materno prolongado, maior independência ao se alimentar e melhor resposta à saciedade. Os métodos de introdução alimentar não diferem entre si em relação à ocorrência de episódios de engasgos.
Highlights
Baby-led weaning (BLW) is an alternative approach to introducing food to infants that has become popular
A survey of 655 mothers compared women who adopted BLW with those who practiced the traditional method of food introduction (FI)
Research with BLW/Baby-Led Introduction to Solids (BLISS) seems to suggest that: mothers who adopt the method are satisfied and encourage the approach while health professionals have concerns about energy and nutrient intake and the risk of choking and do not indicate the method; BLW babies breastfeed for longer, are more independent in relation to food, know better signs of satiety, enjoy meals better, and share moments of meals and food consumed with families; the intake of energy, iron and zinc, as well as their anthropometric and biochemical parameters are not influenced by the FI method; there is no difference in the number of choking episodes regardless of the FI method
Summary
Baby-led weaning (BLW) is an alternative approach to introducing food to infants that has become popular. Objective: To investigate the scientific evidence regarding the BLW method and its modified version, Baby-Led Introduction to Solids (BLISS). Research on BLW/BLISS focused mainly on the themes: characteristics, behaviors and attitudes of mothers and children, knowledge of mothers and health professionals about feeding methods, weight and body mass index evaluation of children, evaluation of energetic and nutrient intake of children and evaluation of episodes of choking and gag reflex. Conclusion: Most research deals with BLW-related experiences and there is still little evidence on the method in terms of adequacy of energy and nutrient intake and growth in childhood. The baby-led weaning (BLW) is an alternative approach to FI, described by British authors[4,5], which has gained popularity.
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