Abstract

Babesiosis, caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Babesia, is an emerging zoonotic disease transmitted by tick. The natural cycle of the parasite occurs between tick and mouse or between tick and deer. Human being is incidentally affected and becomes a dead-end host. Babesia microti, Babesia divergens, Babesia duncani and Babesia venatorum are species that have been identified as being infectious to humans worldwide. Babesia is a pear-shaped parasite which is intraerythrocytic in habitat and also known as piroplasm because of its shape. Studies in animal hosts have improved our knowledge about disease mechanisms and immunology of the parasite. The spectrum of clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic to severe form with haemolysis and even death. Better patient management has been possible in recent years because of improved diagnostic modalities with more sensitive and specific tests.

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