BA-Based Low-PSLL Beampattern Synthesis in the Presence of Array Errors

Anyi Wang,Yanhong Xu,Xuhong Li

doi:10.1109/access.2022.3143577

Abstract

In practical scenarios, there are always array errors, which would increase the sidelobe level (SLL) of the array and distort the performance of the electronic devices consequently. Nevertheless, most of the reported works do not take these unavoidable errors into consideration when implementing array beampattern synthesis. To remedy this problem, a low sidelobe beampattern synthesis approach is proposed in the presence of array errors based on the bat algorithm (BA). In particular, the covariance matrix of the sidelobe region in the presence of array errors is incorporated into the optimization problem. Generally, there are many factors that would contribute to array errors in practical scenarios. Therefore, to reduce the influence of the uncertainty characteristic of the errors on the low-SLL beampattern synthesis, the statistical mean method is utilized to obtain a robust calculation of the covariance matrix in the presence of array errors. Theoretical analysis using signal processing technique and electromagnetic simulation using Ansoft HFSS workbench are combined to testify the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Numerical results show that peak SLLs (PSLLs) of around −22dB and −20dB can be respectively achieved in the above two simulation situations with the obtained weight vectors.

Highlights

Low-sidelobe beampattern synthesis is one of the most important issues in array antenna synthesis since it can reduce the energy leakage in the region out-of-interest, improving the array energy efficiency and reducing the influence of the interferences and/or clutter on the array performance in sidelobe-region simultaneously [1], [2]
We aim to propose an efficient low-peak SLLs (PSLLs) beampattern synthesis approach in the presence of array errors based on this algorithm to utilize its excellent performance
Numerical results including the results generated with signal processing method and those obtained using Ansoft HFSS workbench are provided to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in the presence of array errors

Summary

Introduction

Low-sidelobe beampattern synthesis is one of the most important issues in array antenna synthesis since it can reduce the energy leakage in the region out-of-interest, improving the array energy efficiency and reducing the influence of the interferences and/or clutter on the array performance in sidelobe-region simultaneously [1], [2]. Typical amplitude tapering methods were firstly proposed to reduce the sidelobe level (SLL) of the array, such as Chebyshev distribution [3], Taylor distribution [4], Gaussian distribution [5], and hybrid distribution [6]. The array amplitudes, and the phases and positions of the elements in an array can be properly adjusted to achieve low SLL [7]. A series of global optimization methods, such as particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm [8], genetic algorithm (GA) [9], hybrid algorithm [10], and et al, have been proposed to obtain complex exciting weight values of the elements for low. A pencil beam in the broadside direction is produced with low SLL by iteratively modifying the positions of the elements [11]

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Results

Conclusion