Abstract
The atomic motion of adatom and defects is a fundamental physics processes of surface diffusion involved in surface phase formation, epitaxial growth and heterogeneous catalysis. This is particularly important for surface-science-oriented applications of novel two-dimensional crystals where the diffusion pathway is material specific. In this letter we combine annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF-STEM) with 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) system to demonstrate direct observation of the kinetic pathway of diffusions of adatoms and vacancies in atomic details. The atomic imaging of metastable states and ab-initio DFT calculation allows us to build up a complete picture of a 3D atomic model of the atomic processes involved in their migration. We found that different kinetic mechanisms account for the surface diffusion of adatoms and in-plane migration of vacancies, which are associated with their different chemical bonding states and benefit us in catalysis design and mass transport in anode material.
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