B/PS bulges and barlenses from a kinematic viewpoint – II

Abstract

ABSTRACT Internal dynamics and kinematics of galaxies have imprints on the line-of-sight velocity distribution (LOSVD). Gauss–Hermite parametrization allows one to identify the kinematics features of the system in terms of skewness (h3) and broadness (h4) deviations of an LOSVD. Such a method provides information about the type of orbits since a $h_3\!-\!\overline{V}$ correlation is a sign of elongated orbits, and the anticorrelation is a sign of circular or near-circular orbits. In previous works, analysis of the $h_3\!-\!\overline{V}$ relation provided a tool to identify a hidden bar or B/PS bulge (edge-on, PA = 90°) and to probe their strength. We prepared two N-body galaxy models with clear B/PS bulges: one has an ordinary bar (the X model), and the second one has a barlens embedded into a bar (the BL model) to investigate the mechanism of formation of h3 features at any position of an observer. We show that the $h_3\!-\!\overline{V}$ correlation appears in the regions where bar and disc particles are mixing. We also reveal that the model with a barlens has an $h_3\!-\!\overline{V}$ anticorrelation in the centre, and we show that barlens-specific orbits are responsible for this signal. Moreover, this feature can be observed only for galaxies with compact bulges and barlenses. The results of this work are applicable for the interpretation of future integral-field unit (IFU) data for real galaxies with B/PS bulges, especially for objects with barlenses.