Abstract
The LHCb collaboration has provided a plethora of precise measurements of flavour observables in the last years. In the B meson sector some of these results show consistent deviations from Standard Model predictions with a clear tendency to specific New Physics scenarios. B decay anomalies are found in particular related to lepton flavour universality tests and angular observables in Flavour-Changing-Neutral-Current transitions. I review here the LHCb measurements and their experimental caveats. Results from Lattice are crucial in the coming years to verify if these anomalies are explained by QCD effects or if they are unambiguous hints of physics beyond the Standard Model.
Highlights
In the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics transitions between different quarks are governed by the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) mechanism [1, 2]
In the B meson sector some of these results show consistent deviations from Standard Model predictions with a clear tendency to specific New Physics scenarios
The amplitude of a hadron decay process can be described by using an effective weak Hamiltonian in terms of an operator product expansion (OPE), a series of effective vertices multiplied by effective couplings constants, Ci, called Wilson coefficients: A(M → F) =
Summary
In the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics transitions between different quarks are governed by the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) mechanism [1, 2]. The strength of the process is determined by the CKM matrix elements VCi KM and the Wilson coefficients Ci, corresponding to a given operator These coefficients are effective couplings which depend on the arbitrary energy scale μ where short- and long- distance contributions to a given decay amplitude can be separated. Among the six quarks which constitute the fundamental particles of the SM, the b quark is the heaviest forming hadronic bound states, the b quark having a mass around 4.7 GeV1 It must necessarily decay outside the third quark family via the weak interaction, providing long lifetimes to. B hadron decays present a pattern of flavour oscillations and CP violation This rich phenomenology, involving quantum effects sensitive to new particles, make B decays an ideal place for theorists to probe new physics effects
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