Abstract
BackgroundB cells play an essential role during dengue viral infection. While a major expansion of antibody secreting cells (ASCs) was observed, the importance of these increased frequencies of ASCs remains unclear. The alteration of B cell subsets may result from the expression of tissue specific homing molecules leading to their mobilization and distribution to different target organs during acute dengue viral infection.MethodsIn this study, whole blood samples were obtained from thirty pediatric dengue-infected patients and ten healthy children and then stained with fluorochrome-conjugated monoclonal antibodies against CD3, CD14, CD19, CD20, CD21, CD27, CD38, CD45, CD138 and homing molecules of interest before analyzed by polychromatic flow cytometry. B cell subsets were characterized throughout acute infection period.ResultsData shows that there were no detectable differences in frequencies of resting, activated and tissue memory cells, whereas the frequency of ASCs was significantly increased and associated with the lower frequency of naïve cells. These results were found from patients with both dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever, suggesting that such change or alteration of B cells was not associated with disease severity. Moreover, several homing molecules (e.g., CXCR3 and CCR2) were found in ASCs, indicating that ASCs may distribute to inflamed tissues and various organs.ConclusionsFindings from this study provide insight into B cell subset distribution. Furthermore, organ mobilization according to homing molecule expression on different B cell subsets during the course of dengue viral infection also suggests they are distributed to inflamed tissues and various organs.
Highlights
B cells play an essential role during dengue viral infection
The outcomes range from aymptomatic infection to infection that can result in mild fever or severe hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome
The patients were categorized into dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) based on the 1997 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of dengue infection which has been currently acceptable for clinical practice in Thailand
Summary
B cells play an essential role during dengue viral infection. The alteration of B cell subsets may result from the expression of tissue specific homing molecules leading to their mobilization and distribution to different target organs during acute dengue viral infection. Varied clinical outcomes are one of the hallmarks of dengue viral infection. The outcomes range from aymptomatic infection to infection that can result in mild fever (dengue fever or DF) or severe hemorrhagic fever (dengue hemorrhagic fever or DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) [1]. The dengue virus results in 50–100 million infections leading to 500,000 hospitalizations and > 20,000 fatal cases per year worldwide as estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO) [4,5,6]. The infection by dengue virus occurs in humans of all ages. A marked increase in a number of adult with severe dengue was observed in countries such as Taiwan, Singapore and Sri Lanka, the highest rates of Pattanapanyasat et al Journal of Biomedical Science (2018) 25:64 severe dengue occur in children from some countries such as Thailand and Viet Nam [7]
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