Abstract
AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the dye decolorization ability of laccase from Trametes versicolor. Five azonaphthalene dyes (Acid Violet 7, Acid Red 1, Allura Red AC, Orange G and Sunset Yellow FCF) were used to evaluate dye decolorization. Laccase from T. versicolor is capable of decolorizing dyes, namely Acid Violet 7 (53.7±2.3 %) and Orange G (46.0±2.2 %). The less effective ability of laccase was observed at the decolorization of other selected dyes (6.9 - 18.6 %). The presence of redox mediator (1-hydroxybenzotriazole) increased decolorization percentage for all tested dyes (≥ 90.5 %). Toxic effect of azo dyes and their degradation products after laccase treatment was observed on the growth of selected bacteria (Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas syringae and Escherichia coli), yeasts (Candida parapsilosis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and algae (Chlorella vulgaris and Microcystis aeruginosa). It was confirmed that degradation products showed lower inhibition effect compared to initial dyes. These findings suggest that laccase from T. versicolor are able to decolorize and detoxify selected azonaphthalene dyes.
Highlights
Azo dyes represent a group of synthetic dyes used in industrial processes for their stability and colour intensity (Gomez et al 2013; Rovina et al 2016)
Laccases are often studied for their potential of dye decolorization
Dye degradation by laccase is influenced by chemical structure of dye itself, differences in electron without HBT mediated System α-naphtol dyes Acid Violet 7 Acid Red 1 β-naphtol dyes Allura Red AC Orange G Sunset Yellow FCF
Summary
Azo dyes represent a group of synthetic dyes used in industrial processes for their stability and colour intensity (Gomez et al 2013; Rovina et al 2016). This group belongs to a large class of synthetic dyes containing one or more azo bonds (-N=N-). These bonds link various aromatic ring structures (benzene, naphthalene). Azonaphthalene dyes have naphthalene ring with delocalized conjugated bonds of carbon atoms stabilise total structure of azo dye (Zhu et al 2012). 2 – 50 % of synthetic dyes used in industrial dyeing operations have been discharged into wastewater (Sarkar et al 2017)
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