Abstract
Developing novel porous adsorbents for efficient wastewater treatment is significant to the environment protection. Herein, three porous polycalix[n]arenes (n = 4, 6, and 8) which had varying cavity sizes of the macrocycle (Azo-CX4P, Azo-CX6P, and Azo-CX8P) were prepared under mild conditions and tested for their potential application in water purification. Azo-CX8P with a larger cavity size of the macrocycle outperformed Azo-CX4P and Azo-CX6P in screening studies involving a range of organic micropollutants. It was proved that Azo-CX8P was especially efficient in the removal of cationic dyes because of its high negative surface charge. In terms of the adsorption of Rhodamine B with Azo-CX8P, the pseudo-second-order rate constant reaches 5.025 g·mg-1·min-1 with the maximum adsorption capacity being 1345 mg·g-1. These values are significantly higher compared with those recorded for most adsorbents. In addition, the easily prepared Azo-CX8P can be reused at least six times without a loss of the adsorption efficiency, demonstrating its potential use in water purification.
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