Abstract
Some structure-carcinogenicity trends are presented for that most important class of dye, the azo dye. For dyes that are carcinogenic and are resistant to chemical attack, such as true azo dyes, the dye itself is likely to be the pro-carcinogen. In contrast, azo dyes which exist in the hydrazone form are more likely to be broken down, e.g. reduced. In this case the pro-carcinogen is likely to be an amine breakdown-product of the dye and the ultimate carcinogenic potential can then be deduced from the availability of a suitable active site on the metabolite. Azo pigments, because of their extreme insolubility, are unlikely to be broken down, even if they exist in the hydrazone form.
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